There are two broad categories of social organizations, namely, those that arise out of kinship and those that result from members' free and voluntary associations.
A brief overview of a few such organizations is given below:
Family
Of all
social institutions, it is the oldest and the most universal. It is also the
social organization's most normal, simplest and lasting shape. In culture,
people are generally divided into distinct families and households. The
husband, wife and their children are normally part of the household. It can be
defined as a group of individuals, united either by marriage or blood
relationship connections, having a shared household, tradition or culture in
common. The family's shape and characteristics which vary from place to place
and from country to country, but there is a family everywhere as a social
community. It can rightly be identified as the social arch's keystone. It
performs a variety of functions like emotional, biological, economic, educational
and cultural.
Clan
It is
supposed that the founders of a clan are the descendants of common ancestors.
Normally, they carry a common surname. With the leadership of a chieftain, they
are generally found among primitive individuals and members behave. They are
related by social, religious and cultural rituals that are traditional. Members
follow exogamy; an individual belonging to the same clan is not married to
them. Every member adores a totem or a symbolic item such as a cow, bull,
eagle, etc.
Tribe
A tribe is a
larger social organization than a clan and has been characterized as "a
simple social group, and members of which speak a common dialect, have a common
government and act together for the common purpose of welfare." Generally,
after a stronger clan subordinates a weaker one, a tribe is created. The tribe
has a government led by a tribal chief. It is unified and has a similar dialect
and language for military purposes. A tribe retains unity among its members
despite being devoid of blood connections.
Community
One way to
unite people on secular lines is by creating groups and alliances. A community
is characterized as "the total organization of social life within a
limited area." A community is a society centered on common life that is
self-sufficient. A community's region can vary from narrow to very wide (even
global) borders.
Association
"An
association as a group organized to pursue a common interest or group of
interests" is described by MacIver. Associations may be of different
sorts, including kinship, social, educational, recreational, philanthropic,
professional, political organizations. The government is predominantly part of
society with political relations such as the state and its repressive body.
Read More:
SocialGroups - Definition, Basic Features, Classification - Sociology
Keywords: Sociology, Introduction to sociology, Book of sociology, Culture, Institutions, Organizations, Types of Sociology, What is Sociology, Society, Human Behaviors, PDF Book Sociology, Scope of Sociology, Types of Sociology, Self,